Proposed resolution:

This wording is relative to N5014.

1. Modify [simd.mask.overview], class template basic_mask synopsis, as indicated:

   namespace std::simd {
     template<size_t Bytes, class Abi> class basic_mask {
     public:
       […]
       
       constexpr basic_mask() noexcept = default;
       
       // [simd.mask.ctor], basic_mask constructors
       constexpr explicit basic_mask(same_as<value_type> auto) noexcept;
       template<size_t UBytes, class UAbi>
         constexpr explicit basic_mask(const basic_mask<UBytes, UAbi>&) noexcept;
       template<class G>
         constexpr explicit basic_mask(G&& gen) noexcept;
       template<same_as<bitset<size()>> T>
         constexpr basic_mask(const Tbitset<size()>& b) noexcept;
       template<unsigned_integral T> requires (!same_as<T, value_type>)
         constexpr explicit basic_mask(Tunsigned_integral auto val) noexcept;
       
       […]
     };
   }
   

2. Modify [simd.mask.ctor] as indicated:

   constexpr explicit basic_mask(same_as<value_type> auto x) noexcept;
   

   -1- Effects: Initializes each element with `x`.

   […]

   template<same_as<bitset<size()>> T>
     constexpr basic_mask(const Tbitset<size()>& b) noexcept;
   

   -7- Effects: Initializes the i^th element with b[i] for all i in the range `[0, size())`.

   template<unsigned_integral T> requires (!same_as<T, value_type>)
     constexpr explicit basic_mask(Tunsigned_integral auto val) noexcept;
   

   -8- Effects: Initializes the first M elements to the corresponding bit values in `val`, […]

[ 2025-10-06; Matthias Kretz improves wording after reflector discussion ]

[simd.mask.ctor] defines the overloads `basic_mask(bool)` and `basic_mask(unsigned_integral auto)`. This leads to the following pitfall:

auto g0() {
  unsigned short k = 0xf;
  return simd::mask<float, 8>(k); // mov eax, 15
}

auto g1() {
  unsigned short k = 0xf;
  return simd::mask<float, 8>(k >> 1); // mov eax, -1 ⚠️
}

auto g2() {
  unsigned int k = 0xf;
  return simd::mask<float, 8>(k >> 1); // mov eax, 7
}

In `g1`, `k` is promoted to `int`, shifted and then passed to the mask constructor. Instead of failing, `int(0x7)` is converted to `bool` and the mask thus initialized to all `true`.

Also consider:

1. simd::mask<float>(true_type());

2. unsigned_integral<bool> is `true` => same_as<bool> auto instead of 'bool' makes the overload set ambiguous

3. `float` is convertible to `bool`, thus simd::mask<float>(1.f) continues to compile