Proposed resolution:

In [futures.overview] paragraph 1:

template <class F, class... Args>
  future<typename F::result_type>
  future<typename result_of<F(Args...)>::type>
  async(F&& f, Args&&... args);
template <class F, class... Args>
  future<typename F::result_type>
  future<typename result_of<F(Args...)>::type>
  async(launch policy, F&& f, Args&&... args);

In [futures.async] before paragraph 1

template <class F, class... Args>
  future<typename F::result_type>
  future<typename result_of<F(Args...)>::type>
  async(F&& f, Args&&... args);
template <class F, class... Args>
  future<typename F::result_type>
  future<typename result_of<F(Args...)>::type>
  async(launch policy, F&& f, Args&&... args);

...

Remarks: The first signature shall not participate in overload resolution if decay<F>::type is std::launch.

Rationale:

Solved by N3058.

[ 2010 Pittsburgh: ]

Moved to NAD Editorial. Rationale added below.

[ 2010-02-12 Moved to Tentatively Ready after 5 positive votes on c++std-lib. ]

[ 2010-02-12 Daniel opens: ]

[..] if decay<F>::type is of type std::launch.

or

[..] if remove_cv<remove_reference<F>::type>::type is of type std::launch.

The latter is the more specific form, but the former is equivalent to the latter for all cases that can occur here. I suggest to use the former for simplicity, but expect that implementations can effectively use the latter.

[ 2010-02-12 Moved to Tentatively Ready after 5 positive votes on c++std-lib. ]

Both overloads of async return future<typename F::result_type> which requires that F has a nested type. This prevents async being used with function pointers and makes the example in [futures.async] invalid. I believe this is unintentional.

The proposed resolution also addresses editorial issues with the launch_policy function parameter.

For the first overload it is not sufficient to return future<typename result_of<F(ArgTypes...)>::type>. Calling async(launch::xxx, foo, bar) performs argument deduction on both async overloads, which for the first overload attempts to instantiate result_of<launch(F, ArgTypes...)>, which is invalid. SFINAE must be used to prevent that.