Possible resolution:

Change in 6.5.4 [basic.lookup.argdep] paragraph 4 as follows:

The associated namespaces for a call are the innermost enclosing non-inline namespaces for its associated entities as well as every element of the inline namespace set (9.9.2 [namespace.def]) of those namespaces. Argument-dependent lookup for a name N finds all declarations of functions and function templates named N that

• are found by a search of for N in any associated namespace, or
• are declared as a friend (11.8.4 [class.friend]) of any class with a reachable definition in the set of associated entities, or
• are exported, are attached to a named module M (10.2 [module.interface]), do not appear in the translation unit containing the point of the lookup, and have the same innermost enclosing non-inline namespace scope as a declaration of an associated entity attached to M (6.7 [basic.link]).

If the lookup is for a N is dependent name (13.8.3 [temp.dep], 13.8.4.2 [temp.dep.candidate]), the above lookup is also performed from each point in the instantiation context (10.6 [module.context]) of the lookup, additionally ignoring any declaration that appears in another translation unit, is attached to the global module, and is either discarded (10.4 [module.global.frag]) or has internal linkage.

(From submission #891.)

Consider:

  namespace N {
    struct C {
      friend void f(C);
      friend void g(C);
    };
  }

  void h() {
    f(N::C{});
  }

According to 6.5.4 [basic.lookup.argdep] paragraph 4, argument-dependent lookup finds functions without considering their names (such as g in the example above). This is misguided.