Rationale (10/99): Entities whose names are "invisibly injected" into a namespace as a result of friend declarations are not "declared" in that namespace until an explicit declaration of the entity appears at namespace scope. Consequently, the definitions in the example are ill-formed.

(See also issues 95, 136, 138, 139, 143, and 166.)

_N4868_.9.8.2.3 [namespace.memdef] paragraph 2 says,

Members of a named namespace can also be defined outside that namespace by explicit qualification (6.5.5.3 [namespace.qual] ) of the name being defined, provided that the entity being defined was already declared in the namespace...

    namespace NS {
       struct A { friend struct B; };
       void foo() { extern void bar(); }
    }
    struct NS::B { };   // 1) legal?
    void NS::bar() { }  // 2) legal?

Rationale (10/99): Entities whose names are "invisibly injected" into a namespace as a result of friend declarations are not "declared" in that namespace until an explicit declaration of the entity appears at namespace scope. Consequently, the definitions in the example are ill-formed.

(See also issues 95, 136, 138, 139, 143, and 166.)